India had and has much to offer to the West as far as Music is concerned. Both the major forms of classical music: Carnatic and Hindustani were and are popular. However, when it came to Hindi films music, we were influenced in a big way by the Western style, score and beat.
Until independence, because of Gandhi’s Swadeshi and Quit India movements, there was only sporadic influence of the Western music. However, after independence, particularly during the 1950s, we took to Western form of music in Hindi movies in a big way. Indeed, gradually, we started calling the Hindi film industry as Bollywood, the word being styled from Hollywood.
Many Hindi Music Directors unabashedly plagiarised Western music. Simultaneously, some of them also mastered the Western form and wrote some really good music on their own. In 1950s, Western style large orchestras became popular in Hindi film industry and their recording became possible. Jazz, Rock ‘n Roll, and Disco genres entered Hindi films. Of course, one Western instrument that became a symbol of upper-class drawing rooms in the Hindi movies was the piano. However, I shall do a separate post on the Best Piano Numbers in the Hindi Movies.
I have no intention to write an essay on the Western influence since it keeps me from giving you the songs.
Let’s on the other hand take the Music Directors influenced significantly by Western Music.
OP Nayyar was born on 16 Jan 1926 and by 1949 had emerged as a music director for the film Kaneez. His music was considered so “trendy” that in 1950s, All India Radio, the main source of music for most of us, declined to showcase his music.
When Guru Dutt made Aar Paar in 1954 starring himself, Shyama and Shakeela, he took a bet on OP Nayyar and it paid him rich dividends. Guru Dutt took Majrooh Sultanpuri as the lyricist who had the makings of an avanguard Urdu poet rather than sticking to traditional Urdu poetry. Both OP Nayyar and Majrooh experimented and came up with this marvellous number.
OP Nayyar never took Lata Mangeshkar to sing his songs since he didn’t find her voice “sexy”. Hence, this is sung by Guru Dutt’s new find Geeta Dutt.
Please enjoy: Babuji dheere chalna…
baabuujii dhiire chalanaa
pyaar me.n zaraa sambhalanaa
haa.N ba.De dhokhe hai.n
ba.De dhokhe hai.n is raah me.n, baabuujii …
kyuu.N ho khoye huye sar jhukaaye
jaise jaate ho sab kuchh luTaaye
ye to baabuujii pahalaa kadam hai
nazar aate hai.n apane paraaye
haa.N ba.De dhokhe hai.n …
ye muhabbat hai o bholebhaale
kar na dil ko Gamo.n ke havaale
kaam ulafat kaa naazuk bahut hai
aake ho.nTho.n pe TuuTe.nge pyaale
haa.N ba.De dhokhe hai.n …
ho gayii hai kisii se jo anaban
thaam le duusaraa koI daaman
zi.ndagaanii ki raahe.n ajab hai.n
ho akelaa hai to laakho.n hai.n dushman
haa.N ba.De dhokhe hai.n …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=A35PbjcKoBA%3F
So successful was Guru Dutt’s having tried the music of OP Nayyar in Aar Paar on Majrooh’s lyrics that he kept the team intact for his next movie, in 1955, Mr and Mrs 55 (a distinctly western name for the movie).
OP Nayyar experimented further and became fond of giving exceedingly good numbers to comedians too. This one is picturised on Johnny Walker and became very popular. It is still as popular. Guru Dutt retained Geeta Dutt to sing it together with Mohammad Rafi; the latter’s singing being so versatile that he could sing any type of song.
Enjoy: Jaane kahan mera jigar gaya ji…
jaane kahaa.N meraa jigar gayaa jii
abhii abhii yahii.n thaa kidhar gayaa jii
kisii kii adaao.n pe mar gayaa jii
ba.Dii ba.Dii a.nkhiyo.n se Dar gayaa jii
kahii.n maare Dar ke chUhaa to nahii.n ho gayaa
kone kone dekhaa na jaane kahaa.N kho gayaa
yahaa.N use laae kaahe ko binaa kaam re
jal_dii jal_dii Dhuu.NDho ke hone lagii shaam re
sachchii sachchii kah do dikhaao nahii.n chaal re
tuune to nahii.n hai.n churaayaa meraa maal re
aise nahii.n chorii khulegii takaraar se
chalo chalo thaane bataae.n jamaadaar se
koi ulfat kii nazar zaraa pher de
lele do chaar aane jigar meraa chhe.D de
baate.n hai.n nazar kii nazar se samajhaaU.ngii
pahale pa.Do pa_iyaa.n to phir batalaaU.ngii
A word about Majrooh Sultanpuri won’t be out of place here. The second part of his name was of his town in Uttar Pradesh: Sultanpur – the city of vines though the name is erroneously confused with city of Sultan. He was born some three years after Shakeel Badayuni was born in Badayun town of Uttar Pradesh, some 450 Kms away. However, whilst Shakeel died at the age of 53, Majrooh lived upto 81 years and died in the year 2000. He thus worked with both older music directors such as Madan Mohan, Shanker Jaikishan, Ravi, SD Burman and OP Nayyar but also worked with later day music directors such as RD Burman, Anand Milind, Jatin Lalit and even AR Rehman. As a lyricist, he was really the delight of music directors composing western styled music.
Guess what? So successful was the Western influence on Hindi songs that Guru Dutt virtually retained the entire team for the 1956 movie called C.I.D.: Majrooh Sultanpuri as lyricist; OP Nayyar as Music Director and Geeta Dutt as singer. In this movie, Waheeda Rehman (in her debut role) acted as a vamp. The song sung by Shamshad Begum ‘Kahin pe nigaahen kahin pe nishana’ was allowed to go through. But, lo and behold, Geeta Dutt’s number ‘Jaata kahan hai deewaane’ was found so “sexy” by the censors that the entire scene and the song were disallowed. How far our society has come from those times: these days songs like ‘Sheila ki jawani’ and ‘Beedi sulgayi de’ are commonplace.
However, after many years now, you can at least enjoy the song, if not the scene from C.I.D.
Please enjoy: Jaata kahan hai deewane,
Sab kuchh yahan hai sanam….
One other reason the song was disallowed was because of this double entendre….Waheeda being a woman of easy virtue in the movie. I repeat the entire lyrics by Majrooh for you to ask why the song was censored.
Jaataa kahaa.N hai diiwaane
sab kuchh yahaa.N hai sanam
baakii ke saare fasaane
jhuuThe hai.n terii qasam
##fifty##
kuchh tere dil me.n ##fifty##
kuchh mere dil me.n ##fifty##
zamaanaa hai buraa
pahaluu badalane lage
ghabaraa ke chalane lage
aa.Nkhe.n milii.n bhii nahii.n
yuu.N hii sambhalane lage
ai jii suniye huzuur
jaanaa hamase na duur
ai jii suniye huzuur
dekho dil hai kisii kaa jalaanaa buraa
jaataa kahaa.N hai diiwaane
sab kuchh yahaa.N hai sanam
baakii ke saare fasaane
jhuuThe hai.n terii qasam
##fifty##
kuchh tere dil me.n ##fifty##
kuchh mere dil me.n ##fifty##
zamaanaa hai buraa
saiyaad hai tuu magar
mujhako na yuu.N tan ke dekh
naadaa.N zaraa ek baar
qaidii meraa ban ke dekh
maano-maano merii baat
hai ye pahalii mulaaqaat
maano-maano merii baat
dekho pahaluu se uTh ke hai jaanaa buraa
jaataa kahaa.N hai diiwaane
sab kuchh yahaa.N hai sanam
baakii ke saare fasaane
jhuuThe hai.n terii qasam
##fifty##
kuchh tere dil me.n ##fifty##
kuchh mere dil me.n ##fifty##
zamaanaa hai buraa
We have gone through the brief background and then delved into the early songs of OP Nayyar in Guru Dutt movies. Now, lets look at the music of C Ramchandra.
C Ramchandra was named Ramchandra Narhar Chitalkar by his parents after he was born on 12 Jan 1918 in Puntumba town near Ahmednagar in Maharashtra.Influenced by Benny Goodman, Ramachandra introduced in his compositions the alto sax in combination with guitar and harmonica. He also included whistling in one of his famous songs, Aana meri jaan Sunday ke Sunday in film Shehnai. He used a combination of a bongo, an oboe, a trumpet, a clarinet and a sax for the song Shola Jo Bhadke in film Albela. He sang the title song “Shin Shinaki Boobla Boo” with Lata Mangeshkar, which included rock rhythms. He provided the musical score for the scat song “Ina mina dika” in “Aasha”.Lets first listen to Shola jo bhadake from 1951 movie Albela starring Geeta Bali and Bhagwan. Lyrics are by Rajinder Krishan. OP Nayyar didn’t find Lata Mangeshkar’s voice as “sexy enough”. But, C Ramachandra was in love with her and sang it with her. Later, when he proposed to her, she was rumoured to have been instrumental in finishing his career as Music Director.
Enjoy: Shola jo bhadake…
sholaa jo bha.Dake dil meraa dha.Dake
dard javaanii kaa sataae ba.Dh-ba.Dh ke
mahakii havaae.n bahake kadam mere
aise me.n thaam lo aa ke balam more
pattaa bhii kha.Dake to bijalii sii ka.Dake, dard …
pyaar ko mere kisane pukaaraa
dil me.n utar gayaa kisakaa ishaaraa
yaad ye kisakii laa_I paka.D ke, dard …
dekhaa jo tumako dard huaa kam
ab to na ho.nge tumase judaa ham
https://youtube.com/watch?v=FkXVfGi7QVg%3F
C Ramachandra could compose music for a typical classical 1959 V Shantaram movie Navrang (remember ‘Are jaa re hat natkhat’, ‘Shyamal shyamal baran’ and ‘Tu chhupi hai kahan’ and yet also produce Western tunes.
This is a very very popuar number called Eina Meena Deeka from the 1957 movie Asha. Once again, the lyrics are by Rajinder Krishan. It is sung by Kishore Kumar who emerged as the accomplished singer for such songs complete with his signature yodeling. Asha Bhosle accompanied him.
Enjoy: Eina meena deeka…
Kishore Version
iinaa miinaa Diikaa, Daai, Daamonikaa
maakaa naakaa naakaa, chIkaa pIkaa rIkaa
Inaa mInaa DIkaa DIkaa De Daai Daamonikaa
maakaanaakaa maakaanaakaa chIkaa pIkaa rolaa rIkaa
ram pam posh ram pam posh
dil bechuu.N, hai koI lene vaalaa,
aise vaise to nahii.n dene vaalaa
sUratiyaa.N hasii.n ho, umariyaa.N javaa.N ho
koI bhii use dekhe to bas ye gumaa.N ho
yahI hai yahI hai yahii to hai vo
iinaa miinaa Diikaa…
mat socho ki sastaa hai saudaa
phal paaye lagaaegaa jo paudhaa
dil ki ye kyaarii banegii phulavaarii
ye duniyaa jalegii, jalan kI hai maarii
ha.Nsegii ha.Nsegii ha.Nsegii merii pyaarii
iinaa miinaa Diikaa…
ye sharte.n to ba.Dii hai.n zaruurii
jo koii karegaa inhe.n puurii
mai.n Kushii Kushii use ye dil de duu.ngaa
qasam khaa rahaa huu.N, ki daam bhii na luu.ngaa
magar ye kahuu.NgA, magar ye kahuu.NgA
( kyaa ? )
yahii hai yahii hai yahii to hai vo
iinaa miinaa Diikaa…
Asha Version:
iinaa miinaa Diikaa, haa Daai Dam niikaa
maakaa naakaa naakaa, chiikaa piikaa riikaa
iinaa miinaa riikaa Diikaa De Daai Dam niikaa
maakaa naakaa maakaa naakaa chiikaa piikaa rolaa riikaa
ram pam posh ram pam posh
is duniyaa me.n dil na lagaanaa
dil de ke pa.Degaa pachhataanaa
ye ruup ke pujaarii ye dil lene waale
pahale pahale hote hai.n ba.De bhole bhaale
kaleje ko thaam pukaare.nge naam
tuu hii hai tuu hii hai tuu hii to hai wo
iinaa miinaa …
ae
ae come on come on
kaise
dekh
eii
mat bhuulo hai pyaar ek naag
ugalegaa zahar bharii aag
ye dil ko jalaaye ye sholo.n pe sulaaye
jo phuulo.n se uThaaye to kaa.NTo.n me.n rulaaye
kaleje ko thaam pukaaregaa naam
tuu hii hai tuu hii hai tuu hii to hai wo
iinaa miinaa …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=HxJH9kXo_3o%3F
This one is from the 1950 movie Samadhi for which too C Ramchandra composed the music. This too became as popular as Eina Meena Deeka of Asha and Shola Jo Bhadake of Albela. This too had Rajinder Krishan‘s lyrics and Lata Mangeshkar‘s “not so sexy” singing, accompanied by Ameerbai‘s.Please enjoy: Gore gore O baanke chhore…
latA: gore gore o baa.Nke chhore kabhii merii galii aayaa karo
amIr: gorii gorii o baa.Nkii chhorii chaahe roz bulaayaa karo
latA: roz roz mulaaqaat achchhii nahii.n
pyaar me.n aisii baat achchhii nahii.n
tho.Daa tho.Daa milanaa tho.Dii sii judaaii
sadaa chaa.Ndanii raat achchii nahii.n
amIr: chho.Do chho.Do, jiyaa na to.Do
kisii aur ko jalaayaa karo
dono.n:
gorii gorii o baa.Nkii chhorii chaahe roz bulaayaa karo
gore gore o baa.Nke chhore, kabhii merii galii aayaa karo
gorii gorii o baa.Nkii chhorii, chaahe roz bulaayaa karo
latA: chhoTii-sii baat par ye la.Daaii?
pyaar kii duhaaii hai, pyaar kii duhaaii
akhiyo.n me.n akhiyaa.N Daal ke to dekho
chehare pe Gussaa haay dil me.n safaaii
amIr: gha.Dii gha.Dii, o ba.Dii ba.Dii,
aisii baate.n na banaayaa karo
dono.n:
gorii gorii o baa.Nkii chhorii, chaahe roz bulaayaa karo
gore gore o baa.Nke chhore, kabhii merii galii aayaa karo
gorii gorii o baa.Nkii chhorii chaahe roz bulaayaa karo
You would find another uncharacteristic Indian attribute in the song; in most other songs, women or girls are called Gori (fair-maiden) and men are considered more handsome if they are Saanvre (dark complexioned). However, in this number, following the Western trait, both refer to each other as fair-complexioned.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=LuCtgwQ0_Ks%3F
C Ramachandra paired with Lata Mangeshkar to sing the title song of 1952 movie Shin Shinaki Boobla Boo starring Rehana and Ranjan. Lyrics are by PL Santoshi and C Ramchandra tried rock rhythm in the song; probably for the first time in Hindi movies.
Enjoy: Shin shinaki boobla boo…
chi : ( shin shinaa kii
la : buubalaa buu ) -3
do : do hai.n jism ek hai ruuh
buubalaa buu -3
la : shin ye puuchhe buubalaa
ye to bataa buubalaa
ishq hai kyaa buubalaa
buubalaa ai buubalaa
chi : mai.n bataa_uu.N kyaa bhalaa
phir bhii ye huu.N jaanataa
ishq Kud ko Dhuu.NDhane kii justajuu hai justajuu
do : do hai.n jism ek hai ruuh
buubalaa buu -3
shin shinaa kii buubalaa buu -3
do hai.n jism ek hai ruuh
buubalaa buu -3
la : mai.n jo puuchhuu.N mai.n huu.N kyaa
chi : mai.n jo kah duu.N kuchh nahii.n
la : mai.n ye puuchhuu.N tuu huu.N kyaa
chi : mai.n jo kah duu.N kuchh nahii.n
do : dono.n kuchh nahii.n magar
tuu hai mai.n aur mai.n huu.N tuu
do hai.n jism ek hai ruuh
buubalaa buu -3
shin shinaa kii buubalaa buu -3
do hai.n jism ek hai ruuh
buubalaa buu -4
https://youtube.com/watch?v=pwP9V3PKWdw%3F
Before I take on another great music director influenced by Western music, lets take the earliest of C Ramachandra‘s songs influenced by Western tunes. This one is from the 1947 movie ‘Shehnai’. C Ramachandra not only composed the music but sang it with Meena Kapoor. The lyrics, once agian, are by PL Santoshi.
Enjoy: Aana meri jaan sunday ke sunday…
chi: aanaa merii jaan, merii jaan, ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##
aanaa merii jaan, merii jaan, ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##
chi: ##I love you##
mii: bhaag yahaa.N se duur
chi: ##I love you##
mii: bhaag yahaa.N se duur
chi: tujhe pairis dikhaa_uu.N, tujhe landan ghuumaa_uu.N
tujhe brainDii pilaa_uu.N, vhiskii pilaa_uu.N
aur khilaa_uu.N
khilaa_uu.N mug.rii ke, mug.rii ke, aNDe, aNDe
aanaa merii jaan, merii jaan, ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##
mii: mai.n dharam karam kii naarii
tuu niich adham vyabhichaarii
maamaa hai.n ga.ngaa pujaarii
baabaa kaashii ke, kaashii ke, paNDe, paNDe
chi: aanaa merii jaan, merii jaan, ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##
chi: aao, haatho.n me.n haath le ##walk## kare.n ham
aao, ##sweet sweet## aapas me.n ##talk## kare.n ham
mii: aare haT!
sai.nyyaa meraa pahalavaan hai, maare daND hazaar
sai.nyyaa meraa pahalavaan hai, maare daND hazaar
bhaag jaaoge tum bandar degaa jo lalakaar
maare gin gin ke, gin gin ke, DaNDe, DaNDe
chi: aanaa merii jaan, merii jaan, ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##
mii: ##o my saab, come, come, come##
tum ##Romeo##, ##Juliet## ham
##o dear, come here, don’t fear##
ye gaa.Nv kii ##native## la.Dakii hai
ye dil kii ##beating## kyaa jaane
ye ##chasing hunting## kyaa jaane
ye ##love## kii ##meeting## kyaa jaane
chi: ##right! right! right! all right!##
mii: aao ##dear##, ham chale ##there##
chi: ##where?##
mii: ##there##, kare muhabbat ke, muhabbat ke dhandhe, dhandhe
dono: aanaa merii jaan merii jaan ##Sunday## ke ##Sunday##…
https://youtube.com/watch?v=-9a4NEtZDqI%3F
We touched briefly on the history of the Western influence on Hindi songs. After that we took up two music directors in whose songs and music the influence was tangible: OP Nayyar and C Ramachandra.
Now, lets take up Salil Chowdhury. Salil da was born on 19 Nov 1922 in a village in 24 Paraganas district of West Bengal.Salil’s music was a blending of Eastern and the Western music traditions. He had once said: “I want to create a style which shall transcend borders – a genre which is emphatic and polished, but never predictable”.
Salil’s love for Western classical music started when he was a young boy growing up in an Assam tea garden where his father worked as a doctor. His father inherited a large number of western classical records and a gramophone from a departing Irish doctor. While Salil listened to Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, Chopin, and others everyday, his daily life was surrounded by the sound of the forest, chirping of the birds, sound of the flute and the local folk-music. This left a lasting impression in young Salil. He became a self-taught flute player and his favourite composer was Mozart. His compositions often used folk melodies or melodies based on Indian classical ragas but the orchestration was very much western in its construction. He developed a style which was immediately identifiable.
Listen to two of the songs from the 1958 movie Madhumati starring Dilip Kumar and Vyjayantimala and you are bound to get the metronomic Western beat: One is Dil tadap tadap ke keh raha hai aa bhi jaa; and the other is Ghadi ghadi mera dil dhadake…Lets hear the first one. I must add that finally the song comes out typical Salil da’s and no one else’s. He experimented but finally had his own stamp.
Enjoy: Dil tadap tadap ke keh raha hai...
Shailendra wrote the lyrics and it is a duet between Lata Mangeshkar and Mukesh…
mu: dil ta.Dap ta.Dap ke kah rahaa hai aa bhI jaa
tU hamase aa.Nkh nA churaa, tujhe kasam hai aa bhI jaa (2)
(tU nahii.n to ye bahaar kyA bahaar hai
gul nahii.n khile to terA intazaar hai ) – 2
ke terA intazaar hai – 2
dil ta.Dap ta.Dap …
la: aa aa
dil dha.Dak dha.Dak ke de rahaa hai ye sadA
tumhaarii ho chukii.n huu.N mai.n
tumhaare sAth huu.N sadA
(tumase merI zindagii kA ye shrR^i.ngaar hai
jii rahii huu.N mai.n ke mujhako tumase pyaar hai ) – 2
ke mujhako tumase pyaar hai – 2
mu: dil ta.Dap ta.Dap ke kah rahaa hai …
(muskuraate pyaar kA asar hai har kahii.n
dil kahaa.N hai ham kidhar hai.n kuchh khabar nahii.n ) – 2
kidhar hai kuchh khabar nahii.n – 2
dil ta.Dap ta.Dap ke kah rahaa hai …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=te0ZdZ1ndyw%3F
By the way, this is one of the duets in which the second singer joins after the mukhda and the first stanza. There are several such duets. One that immediately comes to mind is the wonderful song: “Samay tu dheere dheere chal….” in which KK joins in only after 2nd stanzas are sung by Asha.
A word about the great lyricist Shailnedra won’t be out of place here. Shailendra was born on 30th Aug 1923 in Ara district of Bihar. He died very early at the age of 43 only on 14th Dec 1966. Shailendra was initially very wary of main-stream Indian cinema. However, after his wife became pregnant, and being in need of money, he approached Raj Kapoor. Raj Kapoor already had Shankar Jai Kishan as “house-musicians”. From the film Barsaat onwards, Shailendra associated with Raj Kapoor and wrote some really good lyrics; eg, Awara hoon (that became iconic), Patli kamar hai, Barsaat mein. He later associated with other music directors too such as Salil da, SD Burman and Pandit ravi Shankar for the movie Anuradha. He won the Best Lyricist Award thrice: In 1958 for the Yahudi song: Yeh mera deewanapan hai, 1959 Anaari song: Sab kuchh seekha hamne, and 1968 Brahmachari song: Main gaaun tum so jaayo.
Here is his second song from Madhumati on inimitable western beat of Salil Choudhary.
Enjoy: Ghadi ghadi mera dil dhadake…
gha.Dii gha.Dii meraa dil dha.Dake
haay dha.Dake kyo.n dha.Dake
aaj milan kii belaa me.n
sar se chunariyaa kyo.n sarake?
gha.Dii gha.Dii meraa dil dha.Dake
saare umar ke badale mai.n ne
maa.Ngii thii ye shaam re
aaj yahii.n rah jaa_uu.Ngii mai.n
unakii baahe.n thaam ke
pyaar milaa aa.Nchal bhar ke
haay dha.Dake kyo.n dha.Dake
aaj milan kii belaa me.n
sar se chunariyaa kyo.n sarake?
gha.Dii gha.Dii meraa dil dha.Dake
aaj papiihe tuu chup rahanaa
mai.n bhii huu.N chup chaap re
man kii baat samajh le.nge
saa.Nvariyaa apane aap re
dekh zaraa dhiiraj dhar ke
haay dha.Dake kyo.n dha.Dake
aaj milan kii belaa me.n
sar se chunariyaa kyo.n sarake?
gha.Dii gha.Dii meraa dil dha.Dake
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D04wWITpWaY
Of course, Salil da received the Best Music Director for the 1958 movie Madhumati and then, thirty years later, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. The next song is from the 1961 movie Maya starring Dev Anand and Mala Sinha. The western metronomic beat is evident in this song written by Majrooh Sultanpuri and sung by Mohammad Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar for Dev Anand and Mala Sinha respectively.
Enjoy: Tasveer teri dil mein jis dil se utaari hai…
lataa: tasaviir terii dil me.n, jis din se utaarii hai
phiruu.N tujhe sa.ng leke, naye naye ra.ng leke
sapano.n kii mahafil me.n …
rafii: tasaviir terii dil me.n, jis din se utaarii hai
phiruu.N tujhe sa.ng leke, naye naye ra.ng leke
sapano.n kii mahafil me.n …
lataa: (maathe kii bi.ndiyaa tuu hai sanam
naino.n kaa kajaraa piyaa teraa Gam ) – 2
nain ke niiche niiche, rahuu.N tere piichhe piichhe
chaluu.n kisii ma.nzil me.n …
tasaviir terii dil me.n …
rafii: (tumase nazar jab gayii hai mil
jahaa.N hai kadam tere vahii.n meraa dil ) – 2
jhuke jahaa.N palake.n terii, khule jahaa.N zulfe.n terii
rahuu.N usii ma.nzil me.n …
rafii ## & ## lataa: tasaviir terii dil me.n, jis din se utaarii hai …
By this time the typical western beat of Salil Chowdhury’s songs must be clear to you and I need not explain this any further. This song is from the 1960 movie Usne Kaha Tha starring Sunil Dutt and Nanda. Shailendra Singh penned the lyrics and the duet is between Lata Mangeshkar and Talat Mehmood.
Enjoy: Aaha rimjhim ke ye pyaare pyaare geet liye…
t: aahaa rimajhim ke ye pyaare pyaare giit lie
aaI raat suhaanii dekho priit lie
miit mere suno zaraa havaa kahe kyaa, aa …
suno to zaraa, jhii.ngar bole chiikiimiikii chiikiimiikii
rimajhim ke ye pyaare pyaare giit lie
## Then Lata repeats it##
t: (khoii sii bhiigii bhiigii raat jhuume
aa.Nkho.n me.n sapano kii baaraat jhuume ) – 2
dil kii ye duniyaa aaj baadalo.n ke saath jhuume
aahaa rimajhim ke ye …
l: (aa jaao dil me.n basaa luu.N tumhe.n
naino.n kaa kajaraa banaa luu.N tumhe.n ) – 2
jaalim zamaane kii nigaaho.n se chhupaa luu.N tumhe.n
aahaa rimajhim ke ye …
t: (haath.on me.n tere meraa haath rahe
dil se jo nikalii hai vo baat rahe ) – 2
meraa tumhaaraa saarii zindagii kaa saath rahe
aahaa rimajhim ke ye …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Nfjw5JcalyU%3F
The western beat’s fusion with Hindi songs that Salil created so uniquely continued in Salil da’s later day movies such as Rajnigandha and Chhoti Si Baat. For both the movies the lyrics were by Yogesh. Both movies, within a span of one year, were directed by Basu Chatterjee and starred Amol Palekar and Vidya Sinha. Both the movies came like whiffs of fresh air, largely due to Amol Palekar’s acting and Salil da’s music. Guage the Western influence on this song from Rajnigandha: Kayi baar youn hi dekha hai….
Please enjoy: Kayi baar youn hi dekha hai…
ka_ii baar yuu.n hii dekhaa hai
ye jo man kii siimaa rekhaa hai
man to.Dane lagataa hai
anjaanii pyaas ke piichhe
anjaanii aas ke piichhe
man dau.Dane lagataa hai
raaho.n me.n, raaho.n me.n, jiivan kii raaho.n me.n
jo khile hai.n phuul phuul muskuraake
kaun saa phuul churaake, rakh luu.n man me.n sajaake
ka_ii baar yuu.n hii dekhaa hai …
jaanuu.N na, jaanuu.N na, ulajhan ye jaanuu.N na
sulajhaa_uu.n kaise kuchh samajh na pa_uu.N
kisako miit banaa_uu.N, kisakii priit bhulaa_uu.N
ka_ii baar yuu.n hii dekhaa hai …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=eaF3PkNM3XE%3F
I end with Salil da with this number from the 1975 movie Chhoti Si Baat in which Basu Chatterjee retained the same team. It is a duet between Yesudas and Asha Bhosle and has this distinctive western beat.
Please enjoy: Jaane man jaane man tere do nayan…
ye: jaaneman jaaneman tere do nayan
chorii chorii leke gae dekho meraa man
jaaneman jaaneman jaaneman
aa: mere do nayan, chor nahii.n sajan
tumase hii khoyaa hogaa kahii.n tumhaaraa man
jaaneman jaaneman jaaneman
ye: jaaneman …, aa: mere …
ye: to.D de dilo.n kii duurii, aisii kyaa hai majabuurii
dil dil se milane de
aa: jaa, abhii to huii hai yaarii, abhii se hii beqaraarii
din to zaraa Dhalane de
ye: chho.D …, aa: abhii to …
ye: yahii sunate, samajhate, guzar gae jaane kitane hii saavan
jaaneman …
aa: mere do …
aa: sa.ng sa.ng chale mere, maare aage piichhe fere
samajhuu.N mai.n tere iraade
ye: doshh teraa hai ye to, har din jab dekho
karatii ho jhuuThe vaade
aa: sa.ng sa.ng …, ye: doshh teraa …
aa: tuu na jaane, diivaane, dikhaauu.N tujhe kaise mai.n ye dil kii lagan
ye: jaaneman … (aa: laa laa …), aa: mere do …
ye: chhe.De.nge kabhii na tumhe, zaraa batalaado hame,
kab tak ham tarase.nge
aa: aise ghabaraao nahii.n, kabhii to kahii.n na kahii.n
baadal ye barase.nge
ye: chhe.De.nge …, aa: aise …
ye: kyaa kare.nge barasake, ke jab murajhaayegaa ye saaraa chaman
ye: jaaneman … (aa: laa laa …), aa: mere do …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=ats8Y1yzgPI%3F
After the two music directors, lets take the singer Kishore Kumar for a typical Western style of singing. He was not just Singer, but also Music Director, Actor, Director, Producer, Lyricist et al. He was born on 4th Aug 1929 as Abhas Kumar Ganguly to a Bengali family in Khandwa in Madhya Pradesh.
Kishore Kumar brought in a more lively style of singing with Western styled yodelling that became quite popular. Initially, though he sang in a Hindi movie as early as in 1948, his first real hit movie was in 1958 Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi where he acted with his two brothers Anoop Kumar and Ashok Kumar. He sang on the music of Sachin Dev Burman and some of the songs of this movie are still hit songs.
Please enjoy: Ik ladki bheegi bhaagi si….
ik la.Dakii bhiigii-bhaagii sii
sotii raato.n ko jaagii sii
milii ik ajanabii se
ko_ii aage na piichhe
tum hii kaho ye ko_ii baat hai
dil hii dil me.n jalii jaatii hai
biga.Dii biga.Dii chalii aatii hai
machalii machalii ghar se nikalii
pagalii sii kaalii raat me.n
milii ik ajanabii se
ko_ii aage na piichhe
tum hii kaho ye ko_ii baat hai
ik la.Dakii …
Dagamag Dagamag lahakii lahakii
bhuulii bhaTakii bahakii bahakii
balakhaatii huii, iThalaatii huii
saavan kii suunii raat me.n
milii ik ajanabii se
ko_ii aage na piichhe
tum hii kaho ye ko_ii baat hai
ik la.Dakii …
tan bhiigaa hai sar giilaa hai
us kaa ko_ii pech bhii Dhiilaa hai
tanatii jhukatii
chalatii rukatii
nikalii a.ndherii raat me.n
milii ik ajanabii se
ko_ii aage na piichhe
tum hii kaho ye ko_ii baat hai
ik la.Dakii …
https://youtube.com/watch?v=pV1cczPv4_o%3F
Lets now turn to the 1961 movie Jhumroo that was not only produced and directed by Kishore Kumar; but, he wrote the lyrics for the title song: Main hoon jhum jhum jhum jhum jhumroo. Of course the music in the film and for all the songs was his. Kishore Kumar was one singer and music director who could transition with ease from Indian classical songs to western rock and dance numbers. The lyrics of the song were penned by the progressive Urdu lyricist Majrooh Sultanpuri. Kishore Kumar acted in the movie with Madhubala who later became his second wife.
Please enjoy: main hoon jhum jhum jhum jhum jhumroo…
oDii DuruDuru DoruDoru DeI
uD.hDu DuD.hDu DeI Dii
mai.n huu.N jhum jhum jhum jhum jhumaruu
fakka.D ghum ghum banake ghumaruu
mai.n ye pyaar kaa giit sunaataa chalaa
o ma.nzil pe merii nazar, mai.n duniyaa se bekhabar
biitii baato.n pe dhuul u.Daataa chalaa
mai.n huu.N jhum jhum jhum jhum …
heI DiriDiri DiriDiri pakkur…
yuDaDeI bagaayo.n kaa baagaa
heii DiriDiri DiriDiri pakkur…
minimini minimini aav
yuDaDeI bagaayo.n kaa baagaa
eii DuruDuru DoruDoru DuruDuru oDu Deyii
## [that’s the main part of the song.
How can I leave it? :-)] ##
mai.n huu.N jhum jhum jhum jhum jhumaruu
fakka.D ghum ghum banake ghumaruu
saath me.n hamasafar na koI kaaravaa.n
o bholaa bhaalaa siidhaa saadaa,
lekin dil kaa huu.N shahazaadaa
hai ye merii zamii.n ye meraa aasamaa.n
## [yodelling again] ##
mai.n huu.N jhum jhum jhum jhum jhumaruu
fakka.D ghum ghum banake ghumaruu
mere dil me.n hai pyaar har kisii ke liye
o mujhako pyaaraa har inasaan, dilavaalo.n pe huu.N qurabaan
zindagii hai merii zindagii ke liye
yeDili yuDili o ho yuDili yeDili o
aDili yuDili o ho yuDili yuDili o
## [some stuff like that] ##
https://youtube.com/watch?v=o8IxjxDLmfk%3F
When Kishore Kumar wanted a break as a singer, Salil Choudhary initially didn’t take him seriously since Kishore da didn’t have formal training in singing. However, after heaering him, Salil da gave him to sing ‘Chhota sa ghar hoga’, which was to be sung by Hemant Kumar. However, SD Burman had no such doubts to make him sing the songs of the 1958 effervescent movie Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi; and what songs were they, all under Western influence:
“In Haathon Se Sab Ki Gaadi”
Ek Ladki Bheegi Bhaagi Si”
“Hum The Woh Thi”
“Babu Samjho Ishare”
“Haal Kaisa Hai Janaab Ka”
“Main Sitaron Ka Tarana”
“Hum Tumhare Hain”
“Rukh Jao Ree Jee”
Enjoy: Main sitaaron ka taraaana……Paanch rupaiya barha aana…
mai.n sitaaro.n kaa taraanaa, mai.n bahaaro.n kaa fasaanaa
leke ik a.nga.DaaI mujh pe, Daal nazar ban jaa diivaanaa
ruup kaa tum ho khazaanaa, tum ho merii jaa.N ye maanaa
lekin pahale de do meraa, paa.nch rupaiyaa baaraa aanaa
paa.Nch rupaiyaa, baaraa aanaa-aaaa …
maaregaa bhaiyaa, naa naa naa naa-aaaa …
maal zar, bhuulakar, dil jigar hamase nishaanii maa.Ngo naa
dilarubaa, kyaa kahaa, dil jigar kyaa hai javaanii maa.Ngo naa
tere liye majanuu ban sakataa huu.N
lailaa lailaa kar sakataa huu.N
chaahe namuunaa dekh lo — haay
khuun-e-dil piine ko aur laqt-e-jigar khaane ko
ye gizaa milatii hai lailaa – (2)
tere diivaane ko – (2)
o ho ho josh-e-ulfat kaa zamaanaa, laage hai kaisaa suhaanaa
leke ik a.nga.DaaI mujh pe, Daal nazar ban jaa diivaanaa
maanataa huu.N hai suhaanaa, josh-e-ulfat kaa zamaanaa
lekin pahale de do meraa, paa.Nch rupaiyaa baaraa aanaa
Gam bhulaa, saaj uThaa, raag mere ruup ke tuu gaaye jaa
ai dilarubaa, hoy dilarubaa, haa.N isii a.ndaaz se faramaaye jaa
giit sunaa sakataa huu.N daadaraa
ginakar puure baaraa maataraa
chaahe namuunaa dekh lo — haay
dhiire se jaanaa bagiyan me.n, dhiire se jaanaa bagiyan me.n
re bha.Nvaraa, dhiire se jaanaa bagiyan me.n
hoy lallaa Dhii.ng lallaa – (2)
o ho ho tuu kalaa kaa hai diivaanaa kam hai kyaa tujhako bahaanaa
leke ik a.nga.DaaI mujh pe, Daal nazar ban jaa diivaanaa
haa.N ye achchhaa hai bahaanaa mai.n kalaa kaa huu.N diivaanaa
lekin pahale de do meraa, paa.Nch rupaiyyaa baaraa aanaa
bekhabar, pyaar kar, dhan kii duniyaa kyaa hai Dhalatii chhaayaa hai
haay haay haay dilarubaa, sach kahaa saa.Nch teraa pyaar baakii maayaa hai
tere liye jogii ban sakataa huu.N
ja.ngal ja.ngal phir sakataa huu.N
chaahe namuunaa dekh lo — haay
bamamukach e bin bamamukach e bin bamamukach e bin bamamukach
(terii gaTharii me.n laagaa chor musaafir
jaag zaraa tuu jaag zaraa ) – (2)
o ho ho mai.n huu.N terii jaan-e-jaanaa aa mujhii se lav lagaanaa
leke ik a.nga.DaaI mujh pe, Daal nazar ban jaa diivaanaa
jai guruu maine ye maanaa tuu hai meri jaan-e-jaanaa
lekin pahale de do meraa – yak dui tiin chaar paa.nch
paa.Nch rupaiyaa baaraa aanaa …
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoCsPnPACZY
To end the example of Kishore da with SD Burman, lets take Kishore da singing for Aradhana on Sachin Dev Burman‘s music; this time with lyrics by Anand Bakshi. During the height of Rajesh Khanna‘s popularity, Kishore da’s career, which earlier had shown a dip, got revived and he sang very popular numbers for Rajesh Khanna’s movies. By this time, large western styled orchestras were common in Hindi movies.Please enjoy the super hit: Roop tera mastana, pyar mera diwana…
ruup teraa mastaanaa, pyaar meraa diivaanaa
bhuul koii hamase naa ho jaaye
(raat nashiilii mast samaa hai
aaj nashe me.n saaraa jahaa.N hai.n) – (2)
aaye sharaabii mausam bahakaaye – e – e – e …
ruup teraa mastaanaa, pyaar meraa diivaanaa
bhuul koii hamase naa ho jaaye
(aa.Nkho.n se aa.Nkhe.n milatii hai.n jaise
bechain hoke tuufaa.N me.n jaise) – (2)
mauj koii saahil se Takaraaye – e – e – e …
ruup teraa mastaanaa, pyaar meraa diivaanaa
bhuul koii hamase naa ho jaaye
(rok rahaa hai hamako zamaanaa
duur hii rahanaa paas naa aanaa) – (2)
kaise magar koii dil ko samajhaaye – e – e – e …
ruup teraa mastaanaa, pyaar meraa diivaanaa
bhuul koii hamase naa ho jaaye
https://youtube.com/watch?v=HenA-OUyo0s%3F
I hope you have liked this post so far. With this we come to the end of Part – I of my giving you a feel of Western Influence on Hindi Songs. I shall conclude with the Part II later. Part II will have the music duo of Shankar and Jai Kishen and their mastery over a Western musical instrument Piano. Please await the post.
wow !! just read it patiently .. and will listen to the tracks at night ..looks like you have done loads of homework for the post sir 🙂
Thank you. I try to do my best. I hope you will enjoy these
🙂
Very well researched and interesting article. Loved the songs. I think C Ramachandra was the best in this genre
Thank you Vikram. I like the way the Indian music directors learnt from the West and then formed their distinctive fusion music.
Wow….a very enlightening post. Can’t wait to see the post on SJ and Piano. I guess western music always had an influence – sometimes less, sometimes more. Baiju Bawra turned it in favour of Indian influence till the 60s came and RD Burman and Kalyanji-Anandji brought in western influences again to a greater degree.
See my posts on ‘top 3 composers of golden era’ and ‘masters of string instruments’ and other articles at
http://rsbaab.wordpress.com.
I have already done that and am following your blog. I can write a lot but I work six-days weeks. On Facebook I have two outlets for Music: a group called Dil Ki Nazar Se and a Page called Lyrical. If you are interested you can join them.
very very informative
please let me have your e-mail id please. you can add me on facebook. name: joy Christie.
Thank you. Click on About Me on the home page of my blog and you have all the information about me.